- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Permainan Tradisional Congklak untuk Meningkatkan Konsentrasi Anak Usia 3–4 Tahun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v10i5.7443Keywords:
congklak konsentrasi permainan tradisional anak usia dini penelitian tindakan kelasAbstract
Konsentrasi merupakan prasyarat penting bagi anak usia dini untuk menyerap informasi dan menyelesaikan tugas belajar, namun sebagian anak usia 3–4 tahun masih mudah teralihkan perhatiannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan konsentrasi anak usia 3–4 tahun melalui permainan tradisional congklak. Penelitian menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas model Kemmis dan McTaggart dalam dua siklus dengan subjek 20 anak di sebuah Pos PAUD Terpadu di Surabaya. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi berbasis rubrik, wawancara dengan guru dan orang tua, serta dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata capaian konsentrasi meningkat dari 44,5% pada siklus I menjadi 79,5% pada siklus II (naik 35 poin persentase). Pada siklus I sebagian besar anak (75%) berada pada kategori Mulai Berkembang, sedangkan pada siklus II seluruh anak mencapai kategori Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (35%) dan Berkembang Sangat Baik (65%). Aturan bergiliran, aktivitas menghitung biji, dan pengurangan bantuan guru secara bertahap dalam permainan congklak melatih perhatian anak secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti awal bahwa congklak dapat dijadikan strategi pembelajaran berbasis budaya yang praktis bagi guru PAUD untuk menstimulasi konsentrasi anak usia 3–4 tahun.
Downloads
References
Aulia, D., & Sudaryanti, S. (2023). Peran permainan tradisional dalam meningkatkan sosial emosional anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4565–4574. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4056
Blair, C., & Raver, C. C. (2014). Closing the achievement gap through modification of neurocognitive and neuroendocrine function: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial of an innovative approach to the education of children in kindergarten. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e112393. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112393
Chalidaziah, W. (2018). Kondisi konsentrasi belajar anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak X. Aṭfālunā: Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education, 1(1), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.32505/atfaluna.v1i1.771
Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
Diamond, A., & Lee, K. (2011). Interventions shown to aid executive function development in children 4 to 12 years old. Science, 333(6045), 959–964. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1204529
Esita, Z., & Siradjuddin, M. S. (2024). Transformasi pendidikan anak usia dini melalui permainan tradisional: Mengintegrasikan nilai lokal dalam pembelajaran di TK. Seminar Nasional Teknologi, Kearifan Lokal dan Pendidikan Transformatif (SNTEKAD), 2(1), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.12928/sntekad.v2i1.19033
Gashaj, V., Dapp, L. C., Trninic, D., & Roebers, C. M. (2021). The effect of video games, exergames and board games on executive functions in kindergarten and 2nd grade: An explorative longitudinal study. Trends in Neuroscience and Education, 25, 100162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tine.2021.100162
Hasanah, U. (2016). Pengembangan kemampuan fisik motorik melalui permainan tradisional bagi anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 5(1), 717–733. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpa.v5i1.12368
Kemmis, S., & McTaggart, R. (1988). The action research planner (3rd ed.). Deakin University Press.
Khadijah, K., & Wahyuni, S. (2024). Pengembangan permainan tradisional untuk meningkatkan perkembangan anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 8(5), 1151–1166. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v8i5.6073
Khotimah, S. H., Sunaryati, T., & Suhartini, S. (2020). Penerapan media gambar sebagai upaya dalam peningkatan konsentrasi belajar anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 676–685. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.683
Lestari, P. I., & Prima, E. (2019). Balinese congklak games, Maciwa, to improve the development of symbolic thinking in early childhood. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v3i1.151
Maria Lily, N., Khotimah, N., & Maarang, M. (2023). Efektivitas permainan tradisional congklak terhadap kemampuan berhitung anak usia dini. Murhum: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 296–308. https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v4i1.214
Muir, R. A., Howard, S. J., & Kervin, L. (2023). Interventions and approaches targeting early self-regulation or executive functioning in preschools: A systematic review. Educational Psychology Review, 35(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09740-6
Musyafa’ah, H., & Salim, A. (2024). Peningkatan konsentrasi belajar anak usia 4–5 tahun melalui metode bermain sensorimotor di TK Darussalam Sugihwaras. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 1(3), 15. https://doi.org/10.47134/paud.v1i3.406
Nendria, N., Handayani, T., & Fitri, I. (2023). Pengaruh permainan tradisional congklak terhadap kemampuan berhitung permulaan anak usia 4–5 tahun di PAUD Al-Fatah Desa Tapus Kecamatan Pampangan Kabupaten OKI. JEMS: Jurnal Edukasi Matematika dan Sains, 11(1), 348–358. https://doi.org/10.25273/jems.v11i1.15567
Permatasari, R., & Wulansuci, G. (2025). Congklak: Permainan tradisional untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia dini. CERIA (Cerdas Energik Responsif Inovatif Adaptif), 8(1), 36–43. https://journal.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/index.php/ceria/article/view/26501
Prima, E., & Lestari, P. I. (2023). Pengaruh implementasi permainan tradisional terhadap disiplin anak usia dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(3), 3107–3116. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.3221
Putra, A. S., Tiatri, S., & Sutikno, N. (2017). Peningkatan kapasitas working memory melalui permainan congklak pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Psikologi, 44(1), 18–27. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.21984
Ramani, G. B., & Siegler, R. S. (2008). Promoting broad and stable improvements in low-income children’s numerical knowledge through playing number board games. Child Development, 79(2), 375–394. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01131.x
Rueda, M. R., Rothbart, M. K., McCandliss, B. D., Saccomanno, L., & Posner, M. I. (2005). Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(41), 14931–14936. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506897102
Santrock, J. W. (2011). Child development (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Scionti, N., Cavallero, M., Zogmaister, C., & Marzocchi, G. M. (2020). Is cognitive training effective for improving executive functions in preschoolers? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2812. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02812
Siegler, R. S., & Ramani, G. B. (2009). Playing linear number board games—but not circular ones—improves low-income preschoolers’ numerical understanding. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(3), 545–560. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014239
Susilawati, E., Puspitasari, D., Kusumadewi, F., & Nuryanih, L. (2021). Modifikasi permainan tradisional congklak terhadap kemampuan berhitung untuk meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif pada anak usia dini tahun 2020. Jurnal Mutiara Ners, 4(1), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.51544/jmn.v4i1.1297
Syaputri, I., & Istiarini, R. (2019). Upaya meningkatkan konsentrasi melalui permainan tradisional pada anak usia 5–7 tahun di TK IT Al Jawwad. Ceria: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 8(1), 24–34. https://doi.org/10.31000/ceria.v10i1.1764
Vita-Barrull, N., Estrada-Plana, V., March-Llanes, J., Guzmán, N., Fernández-Muñoz, C., Ayesa, R., & Moya-Higueras, J. (2023). Board game-based intervention to improve executive functions and academic skills in rural schools: A randomized controlled trial. Trends in Neuroscience and Education, 33, 100216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tine.2023.100216
Zarty, A. N., & Nurunnisa, R. (2024). Upaya meningkatkan kemampuan konsentrasi belajar pada anak usia dini melalui permainan pancing ikan. CERIA (Cerdas Energik Responsif Inovatif Adaptif), 7(4), 433–443. https://journal.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/index.php/ceria/article/view/23246
Zosh, J. M., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Hopkins, E. J., Jensen, H., Liu, C., Neale, D., Solis, S. L., & Whitebread, D. (2018). Accessing the inaccessible: Redefining play as a spectrum. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1124. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01124
Downloads
Published
Indexing Check
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Evi Marija, Tri Kurniawati, Wahono Wahono, Naili Saida (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:


